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On different forums, I often find people asking for help in calculating the required turns for a ferrite transformer they are going to use in offline SMPS half-bridge converter s . The half-bridge topology is very popular for offline converters in the power range 100W to 500W, sometimes goin g up to even 1000W. In an offline SMPS half-bridge converter, the line voltage is rectified and filtered and is then converted to high frequency with 2 MOSFETs – one in high-side configuration and the other in low-side configuration. This high frequency high voltage AC is fed to the ferrite transformer to step down the voltage to low voltage high frequency AC which is then rectified to DC and filtered to provide clean DC output. A vital thing to remember is that in a half-bridge converter, the 2 MOSFETs work along with 2 capacitors to create the high voltage high frequency AC. The configuration of the capacitors, MOSFETs and transformer causes the transformer to be supplied half the voltage of the...

On different forums, I often find people asking for help in calculating the required turns for a ferrite transformer they are going to use in high-frequency/SMPS inverters. In a high-frequency/SMPS inverter, the ferrite transformer is used in the step-up/boost stage where the low voltage DC from the battery is stepped up to high voltage DC. In this situation, there are really only two choices when selecting topology – push-pull and full-bridge. For transformer design, the difference between a push-pull and a full-bridge transformer for same voltage and power will be that the push-pull transformer will require a center tap, meaning it will require twice the number of primary turns as the full-bridge transformer. Calculation of required turns is actually quite simple and I’ll explain this here. For explanation, I’ll use an example and go through the calculation process. Let’s say the ferrite transformer will be used in a 250W inverter. The selected topology is push-pull. The power source...