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Today I'm going to give you a very useful circuit diagram .It is TV remote tester circuit diagram.Sometimes you are unable to check whether your TV remote is working or not.Not only T.V remote you can check any IR signals.Here I have used very common  transistor BC 558     Note # This circuit operates with 6V  # Do not supply over 6V # Build this circuit on a pcb 

On different forums, I often find people asking for help in calculating the required turns for a ferrite transformer they are going to use in high-frequency/SMPS inverters. In a high-frequency/SMPS inverter, the ferrite transformer is used in the step-up/boost stage where the low voltage DC from the battery is stepped up to high voltage DC. In this situation, there are really only two choices when selecting topology – push-pull and full-bridge. For transformer design, the difference between a push-pull and a full-bridge transformer for same voltage and power will be that the push-pull transformer will require a center tap, meaning it will require twice the number of primary turns as the full-bridge transformer. Calculation of required turns is actually quite simple and I’ll explain this here. For explanation, I’ll use an example and go through the calculation process. Let’s say the ferrite transformer will be used in a 250W inverter. The selected topology is push-pull. The power source

Its been a pleasure to bring to you an enchanting blog about the famous and subject ever increasing in demand...the ECE! As my friend has already given a beginning, let me just brief you upon the what aspects of ECE we shall be covering in the forthcoming updates. To start with we shall be basically dealing with our very famous university of "GITAM'. The materials and info posted will be in this regard and done just as a pro Bono. We shall not only be updating you the academic stuff but also with the developments in and around campus too and also latest developments in our field, so stay tuned to all the intricate stuff that you would get to know. Any kind of queries or problems shall be answered here. Before we start our blog with some of the basics of electronics believe in the fact that all the top people of our college have chosen this branch and when a group of highly capable intellectuals come together with similar perspectives in mind....an idea is born! Believe in your

In many circuits, it is necessary to use MOSFETs for switching. In many cases, the MOSFET drive signals are generated by microcontrollers. In other cases, they are generated by ICs – PWM controllers, timers or any IC in fact. However, MOSFETs cannot always just be connected to the drive signal and be expected to work properly. Due to the construction of the MOSFET, driving it is not the simplest of tasks, especially for beginners. There are many users who regularly ask for help on MOSFET drive related issues or problems on different blogs, websites and forums. So, here I will show some MOSFET drive techniques/methods for MOSFETs configured as low-side switches. Before I head on to MOSFET drive, let me just tell you what a low-side switch is, in case you don't know. When the MOSFET (that you're using as a switch) sinks current, it is a low-side switch. The load will be between the drain and +V supply. The source will be connected to ground. Gate will be driven with respect to gr

SMPS is the toughest section in Power Electronics. Tremendous knowledge is required for choosing active and passive parts for use in SMPS circuits. Special parts are often required specifically for use in SMPS. Many components that can be used for low frequency applications in Power Electronics may fail if used in SMPS circuits. When I started learning Power electronics in 2008, I placed emphasis on SMPS. Regarding SMPS, nothing was available here. I had to collect and gain everything piecemeal- knowledge, literature, active and passive parts, testing equipment etc. The main drawback was the lack of knowledge in this field. In my country, SMPS is not taught in detail in any engineering university. So, teachers are not readily available. Additionally, relevant books were also not available. So, my father chalked out a deliberate and detailed plan for me to learn SMPS: Detailed Plan for learning SMPS at home Step 1   – Collecting knowledge by collecting required books from abroad. Ste

The CCP module is one of the most important modules in the PIC microcontroller. While being extremely important, it is not very difficult to use. Here I will show you how to use the compare section of the CCP (Compare, Capture, Pulse Width Modulation) module of the PIC16F877A. You can use this concept for any PIC with a CCP/ECCP module There are 2 modules associated with the compare section – the CCP module which we’ll use for the compare function, and the Timer 1 module. The function of the compare module is to compare (obviously, as the name suggests) the value of the CCPR1 register against the Timer 1 value. The CCPR1 register is actually composed of two 8-bit registers that together form a 16-bit register. The high 8-bits – the high byte – make up the CCPR1H register and the low 8-bits – the low byte – make up the CCPR1L register. For example, if the value of CCPR1H is 30 and the value of CCPR1L is 47, what is the value of the 16-bit CCPR1 register? Solution: CCPR1H = 30 =